July 28th I departed Raviers for Montbard, at 11 locks, one of the longest single stretches I undertook. I shared most of the trip with a French family in a Nichols hire boat. Leaving at 9 AM, I arrived in the lower pool at Montbard at 3 PM with a plan to stay several days.
At Montbard, there is a lock midway through town, resulting in an upper and lower pool. The lower pool is much broader, with moorings on both the right and left bank. Mooring on the left bank is via large iron rings on loops anchored in concrete pads. As the rings tend to lie flat when unused, the mooring points can be hard to spot.
Having passed through the final lock into the lower pool approaching Montbard, I spied off to the left (the “right” bank, as I was headed upstream) a long rising bluff which, at the far high end had a stone tower rising high into the air, overlooking all. I made a mental note to check it out.
The town has a number of large industries, and I was moored across the street from Valinox Nuclearie, a large facility manufacturing “stainless steel tubes and tubular products for nuclear power stations”. Despite the large complex, there was little noticeable noise during the day and none at night. The train station was on the far side of the complex, so there was also little noise from the trains.
There was a nearby grocer and boulangerie, though restaurants were a bit further away. It was clear the heart of the original town was built on the hill rising up to the bluff I had spotted arriving.
By checking the map online, I was able to determine the top of the hill was the Parc du Buffon. The write-up indicated the park had been built by the Comte de Buffon (1707-1788) . It celebrated both Buffon and Louis Jean-Marie Daubenton (1716-1800), two famed naturalists, both from Montbard. There is a museum at the top, in a tower built by Buffon.
Walking up the hill to the site, my first clue that this was more than your average park was that, as I walked up the single street to the top, walls rose up on both sides, eventually both above and below me. I took a path off to the side, and realized there was a rampart wall downhill from me, as well as a rising wall above me. The path I was one was a defensive level, with a drop of 20 to 40 feet below me, and a wall built into a cliff rising 40 to 70 feet above me.
Built into the wall in a narrow niche was an iron stair up to the higher level.
At the far end of this path was the cliff base of the tower I had seen from the canal.
I walked to the base of the tower, and found another stair rising up into the tower through a narrow stone doorway. Climbing up, at the top I found myself at the doorway to the upper level, a large flat park, with walkways, statues and benches. In one corner was an old well, covered and unused. Off to the side was a second, smaller tower, evidently the one Buffon built and which housed his study.
the view at the top: https://voyagesofdesormais.com/wp-content/uploads/2018/12/4EDDC334-4F90-4DBA-BF40-30F1D59AC068.mov
Off to the side was the Eglise St. Urse, a Catholic church. The road leading to the park and church was lined on both sides by high walls, providing yet another area of significant defensive advantage against anyone trying to reach the summit. The driving question for me at that point was simply why? Why does a park built in the 1700s have this amazing set of defensive ramparts, built out of massive stone walls into the natural cliff? Why does a park need an ancient looking well? Why does a park need an old walled road as an approach, especially one with weathered carved end stones looking much older than 300 to 400 years old?
Back on the boat, I was able to find the answers. The ramparts and walls atop the hill were far older than the 1700s, and were part of the origins of Montbard. The fact is that the hilltop was the location of a castle used by the Duke of Burgundy. The stone walls and wooden structure was replaced with fortified stone walls and towers beginning in 1189, with the towers constructed in the 1200s. The tallest tower, the Aubespin tower being the tallest, the one I had seen on the elevated point. As a result of the Duke of Burgundy falling out of favor with King Louis XI, the fortress was controlled by the King beginning in 1477 and, by the 1700s, the castle was in ruins.
For me, the irony of this was stunning. Here is a site with tiered, fierce stone and cliff fortifications of the kind that populate the mental visions of anyone reading about medieval castles. The castle served as a home of the Dukes of Burgundy from before 1189 until 1477, when the Dukes retreated to the Palace in the heart of Digion. Yet, despite this stunning history, the local presentation is focused on Buffon and his efforts in the 1700s. Much like the case of the Fosse Dionne in Tonnerre, the more current history of the Park had completely eclipsed the earlier history of the origins of the site!
There was more to be seen and done in Montbard before I left to head back downstream, but I’ll leave this chapter here, and address the rest in my next piece.